Coach's Guide

1. Getting started

Get in

1. Go to blitzscouting.com
2. Tap Coach Login
3. Enter the team passcode you were given

You only enter it once per device. It's remembered after that.

Put it on your phone (do this)

Blitz works like a real app on your phone, which is how you'll use it at tournaments.

• iPhone: open blitzscouting.com in Safari → Share button → Add to Home Screen
• Android: open in Chrome → menu (⋮) → Add to Home screen

Set your name

Tap the 👤 button in the header and enter your name. Every contact you log gets stamped with it, so the staff can see who last talked to a kid. Do this before your first contact log.

Some boards run the new navigation beta: the features below live on a rail down the left (bottom tabs on your phone) instead of buttons in the header, and your phone's back button steps back through the app. Everything works the same — it's just rooms instead of pop-ups.

2. Your two boards

Tabs at the top switch between them:

• 🗂 Recruiting Board — your real board. Kids you're actively recruiting.
• 🎯 Tryouts — kids who signed up at a camp through the QR code. Same full profiles, kept separate so walk-ups don't clutter your board.

Like a kid on Tryouts? Hit ➜ Recruit on his card and he moves to the recruiting board with everything he's collected. You can move a player back the same way from his profile.

Views

• Cards — the default. Everything at a glance.
• Pipeline — columns by status. Shows your funnel: who's untouched, who's interested, who's committed.
• Depth — grouped by position, sorted by class. Answers "how are we set at DB for 2028?" Two-position kids appear under both.

Filters & sorting

Search by name or school, filter by position (matches either position), status, has offers, or archived. Sort by A–Z, Needs attention, Recently added, or Our eval.

3. Adding players

Four ways, best first:

🔍 Find Recruits (best)

Search Rivals and MaxPreps and add kids with one tap — full profile comes with them. See section 4.

📋 Tryout signups

Kids enter their own info at camp via QR code. See section 7.

+ Add Player → By school

When you're working a whole program rather than chasing one kid: hit + Add Player, switch to By school, type the school and its two-letter state, and Blitz pulls that school's entire football roster off MaxPreps.

• Filter to one class year — "Class of 2028 (17)" — so you're only looking at kids you can still get.
• Type in the filter box to narrow by name or position (WR, CB).
• Each kid shows position, height, weight and jersey. ＋ Add pulls his full profile.
• ✓ On board means he's already there — click it to open his card. If it reads ✓ On board as someone else, that record has the wrong athlete's MaxPreps link on it; open it and fix the link. · archived or · tryouts tells you he's on your board but not on the view you're looking at.

Where he lands. Every kid you add goes onto your 🗂 Recruiting Board — the 🎯 Tryouts board only ever holds kids who came in through your signup QR code. If you were looking at Tryouts, or had a filter set that would hide him, Blitz switches the view so the kid you just added is on screen, and the message tells you what it changed.

If MaxPreps has a kid's link wrong. MaxPreps occasionally points two players on the same roster at one profile. Blitz checks that the profile it pulled is actually the player you clicked, and if it isn't, it adds him from the roster line instead — name, position, height, weight, class — and tells you his MaxPreps link couldn't be trusted. He's on your board and correct; he just won't sync stats until you paste his real MaxPreps link on his card.

In the off-season MaxPreps hasn't posted the coming season's roster yet. Blitz falls back to the most recent one it has and tells you which season you're looking at.

+ Add Player (manual)

Paste a MaxPreps link and Blitz fills in name, position, height, weight, class, school, photo, and stats automatically. Or just type a name — but if you do, add his school and state, because that's what lets Blitz find him later.

4. Finding new recruits

Hit 🔍 Find Recruits. Three tabs.

Rankings

Every rated player in Rivals' database. Pick class year, position, and state — get results best-rated first with stars, national and state rank, height/weight, school, and how many offers they hold. ＋ Add puts a kid on your board with his full profile. Kids already on your board show ✓ On board instead.

Stat Leaders

The top 100 statistical producers in a state. Pick state, stat category (passing/rushing/receiving yards, points, total TDs, tackles, sacks, INTs) and class year. Great for finding kids who put up numbers but aren't ranked.

💎 Sleepers — the one nobody else has

Blitz cross-references production (MaxPreps stat leaders) against recruiting attention (Rivals stars, ranks, offers) and ranks the gap. High production + little attention = a kid you can actually get before the services find him.

• 90–100 — top of the leaderboard, essentially unknown. Start here.
• 70–89 — strong production, minimal attention.
• Under 70 — producing, but colleges are already circling.

Tap ⓘ How this works in that tab for the full scoring formula and — just as important — what the score can't see (kids with no recorded stats, volume bias, transfers).

5. College Fits

🔍 Find Recruits finds players for your program. 🎓 College Fits does the opposite — it finds programs for your players.

Blitz reads every D1 program's own published roster, counts how many players at each position are seniors, and works out where they're about to run thin. Then it checks who on your board plays that position and matches the size that program actually carries there.

Our Players

Your board, each kid with the programs he fits, biggest hole first. Every row names the coach who actually runs that position group and how to reach him.

• ✉ Send his profile creates a recruiting link just for that coach, copies it to your clipboard, and logs the contact against the kid — so the Friday brief knows you worked him.
• Once it's out, the row shows sent 3d ago · opened 2×. You know who's actually reading.
• Where a school publishes no coach emails, the button becomes 𝕏 Draft DM or a link to their recruiting questionnaire. Nearly every program has at least one way in.
• Kids we couldn't match are listed with the reason — wrong class, no position, no height and weight on file. Fix the profile and he shows up.

Program Openings

The same data the other way round: browse the holes and see which of your kids fills one. Filter by position, level, or school, or tick Only where we have a fit.

Coach Directory

Every football staff member Blitz could find, searchable by school, name, or title — including programs with no computed opening. Some schools publish individual addresses, some route everything to one football-office inbox (marked shared inbox), some publish none at all.

What this does not tell you

Read this part. It's the difference between a good call and a wasted one.

• It measures departures, not needs. Their incoming class isn't on the roster yet and may already have filled the hole; the transfer portal now moves more players than graduation does; and public rosters don't separate scholarship players from walk-ons.
• It measures size, not talent. Nothing here knows whether your kid can play at that level. It will list an SEC school next to an FCS school because their receivers are the same size. That judgement is yours.
• It goes stale. Rosters and staffs refresh monthly. Coaching staffs turn over from December through February, so a fit found in January may name a coach who has already left. Check before you write.

Keeping it current

Blitz re-reads all 226 programs on the 1st of each month at 5am, after the nightly board sync has finished. The date it was last updated shows at the top of the window.

You can also press ⟳ Refresh college data yourself. It reads 452 pages with a polite pause between each, so it takes 30–45 minutes — progress shows next to the button ("Reading rosters — 95 of 226"). Nothing is blocked while it runs. Your board, film room and portal all work normally; close the window and come back.

If a run fails or the server restarts mid-way, Blitz says so and keeps the last good data rather than blanking the feature. A run that comes back nearly empty is treated as a failed scrape, not as "the schools have no openings".

Coach Directory

The 📇 Coaches button in the header opens the college coach contact list on its own — every football staff member Blitz could find across 226 programs, searchable by school, coach name, or title. Some schools publish individual addresses, some route everything to one football-office inbox (marked shared inbox), some publish a phone number, some publish nothing at all. Tap an email to write, tap a number to dial.

6. The player profile

Click any card to open it. On a laptop it opens as a wide card in the middle of the screen with two columns — his details and your grade on the left, offers and everything you have done on the right, then film and stats across the bottom. On a phone it fills the screen as one column.

Photo

Click the photo (it has a 📷 badge) to upload one, take one with your camera — great at tournaments — or remove it. A photo you set is never overwritten by a sync.

Quick links

Buttons for Hudl, MaxPreps, Rivals, 🏅 247 (247Sports), ⏱ Track (Athletic.net), X, Instagram, and — if you've saved numbers — 📞 Call, 💬 Text, and 📞 Parent. Tap-to-dial works on your phone.

247Sports ratings and photos

Blitz looks each player up on 247Sports and pulls his stars, ranks, and headshot. Like every auto-match it is deliberately careful — and 247 often files a kid under his legal name ("C'Ivion") when everyone calls him something else ("Cash"), which no careful match can bridge. If you know a kid is on 247 but nothing pulled, open his 247 page, copy the link, paste it into the 247Sports link field on his card and hit Sync — his rating and photo come with it.

Verified track times

Blitz looks each player up on Athletic.net — the site that records official high-school track meet results — and shows his best 100m, 200m and 400m marks on his card and profile, with the meet date. These are electronically-timed marks from sanctioned meets, so they carry weight with college coaches in a way a camp stopwatch never will; a w after a mark means it was wind-aided. The match is deliberately careful (name plus school, class or state must line up), so a kid who never ran track simply shows nothing. If Blitz matched the wrong athlete or missed him, paste his Athletic.net profile link into the field on his card and sync. New PRs show up in the alerts feed as they happen.

Profile fields

Status, nickname, position and second position, class, height, weight, school, city, state, next action, phone, parent contact, socials, and the four source links.

Offers

Add offers by hand, and Blitz adds any it finds from Rivals and 247 automatically (those show in a different color). The header shows what each service reports.

Our Evaluation

Your grades, not a service's: tap 1–5 stars for Speed, Hands, Routes, Coverage, and Football IQ, plus a Seen at field for the camp or tournament. The average shows on his card, and you can sort the whole board by Our eval.

Contact Log

Every text, call, DM, email, or in-person conversation with a date and note. Logging a contact automatically moves a kid off "Not contacted," and each entry is stamped with your name.

Notes

Notes are a thread, not a box. Type what you've got, hit Add note, and it posts with your name and the date attached. Every coach on the staff sees every note and who wrote it.

Notes are append-only — a note posts the second you add it, and Save changes never touches them. Two coaches can have the same kid open and write at the same time without wiping each other out. The ✕ on a note deletes it for everybody, so use it only for genuine mistakes.

Notes written before the beta show as Unattributed — they came from the old single notes box, which didn't record who typed them. Nothing was lost.

Send to College Coaches

This is how a kid gets seen. Type who the link is for — "Coach Reed — Sam Houston" — hit Create link, and it copies to your clipboard. Text it to him.

Make a separate link for each coach. That's what turns "someone looked" into "Sam Houston looked three times this week," and it tells you where to spend your next phone call. The row shows the open count and when it was last opened.

• Copy grabs the link again any time.
• ✕ revokes it — the page stops loading for anyone who has it, but you keep the open history.
• Set your contact once at the top. It appears on every link you send.

Highlight Reel

Every clip saved for this kid during a film session, oldest first. Hit ▶ Play reel and they run back to back as one tape. Click any row to jump to that play.

• ★ marks a clip as one of his best — that's the curated reel, versus his working pile.
• in − + and out − + nudge the start and end a second at a time.
• Rename a clip by typing over its name — "40-yard seam TD vs Folsom" beats "IMG_4471".
• ✕ takes it off his reel. The film itself stays where it is.

Stats & Game Log

Season-by-season stat tables from MaxPreps plus a game log for the latest season — every game with result, opponent, and a highlight line. ⟳ Sync refreshes on demand. For a kid with no source links yet, the button reads ⟳ Find on MaxPreps + Rivals and searches by name and school.

Roster (committed players only)

Squad (14U–18U), waiver / physical / fees checkboxes, and the button to generate his player portal code.

Bottom bar

Save changes is always visible at the bottom, and the ⋯ button next to it holds the rarer actions: move between boards, Archive (hides a graduated or dead-end kid without losing his history), and Delete (permanent).

On your phone

The player's name and the ✕ stay pinned at the top and Save stays pinned at the bottom, so you never scroll to close or save. Tap any section heading (Profile, Offers, Notes…) to fold it away — Blitz remembers what you folded. Stats start folded on a phone since they're the longest part; tap to open them.

7. Staying on top of kids

This is where boards usually fail. Blitz flags kids ⚑ automatically when:

• They've never been contacted
• 14+ days pass with no logged contact
• A next action you set has come due

Committed, passed, and archived players never flag.

• Sort by Needs attention to work the list top-down.
• ＋ Log on any card jumps straight to the contact log — five seconds from the sideline.
• Set a next action ("Call dad about the June camp") with a date and it shows on his card.

8. Tryouts & the QR code

1. Open 📋 Tryout Signups.
2. Name the page (e.g. "Spring Camp Tryout") and hit Save title.
3. Print QR for a flyer, or show the code on a screen. Copy link to text it out.
4. Kids scan it and fill in their own info on their phones.
5. Signups appear in Waiting for review with a count badge on the button.
6. Hit ✓ Add and the kid lands on the 🎯 Tryouts board — Blitz then auto-builds his full profile from MaxPreps and Rivals.

Link active turns signups off between events. New link rotates the code — the old QR stops working, so reprint anything using it. Close the link when a camp ends: it's the only public door into your app.

9. Season stats

Open 🏆 Season. The season is organized the way you actually live it: season → tournament → game.

1. Name the season (e.g. "Summer 2026") and save.
2. + Add tournament (e.g. "Pylon Dallas"), then + Add game with a date, opponent and its tournament. A scrimmage can skip the tournament.
3. Hit Enter stats on a game to get the sideline pad.

The sideline pad — two taps per play

1. First, tap who's at QB. From then on completions credit him automatically — a Catch adds his completion and attempt, a Rec TD adds his passing TD too, and Incomplete / Picked off are one tap each. Nobody enters QB stats by hand. If your QB rotates, tap the new one and every play after that credits him instead.
2. Out today: tap the kids who are NOT at this game. Everyone else counts as present, which keeps games-played honest — including for the corner nobody dares throw at.
3. A play happens: tap the kid's jersey number, then what he did — Catch, Rec TD, Drop, PBU, INT, Def TD, Targeted, or Penalty. (A pick-six is two taps: INT, then Def TD.)
4. Targets count themselves. A catch or a drop is automatically a target for the receiver; a PBU or an INT is automatically a target against the defender. Tap a kid before Incomplete to count the throw as his target, or tap Incomplete alone for an overthrow. Tap Targeted by itself when a defender got thrown at and the catch was allowed.
5. Sack is the 4-second clock — one tap, charged to the QB, no pass attempt. Drops and penalties never count in the Plays column — that stays plays made.

Every play saves instantly and shows in the feed, latest first. ↺ Undo last takes back the most recent play and every stat it credited — no hunting for the right counter.

The dashboard

Under the games, the leaderboard shows every stat for the whole season, or scoped to one tournament, or one game — tap the pills. Click any column to sort by it. Click any tile — Drops, Penalties, Touchdowns — to see exactly who the number belongs to, and pick a player from the dropdown (or click his name in the table) for his own tiles and game-by-game line. GP is games played (present unless marked out) and P/G is plays made per game — sort by P/G when kids missed different tournaments, so attendance doesn't masquerade as talent. A kid's season line also appears on his player card and rides along automatically on every recruiting link you send a college coach. ✉️ Email this mails whatever the dashboard is showing — the scope and player focus travel with it — to any addresses you enter (it starts from your Friday-brief list). When a season ends, 🗄 Archive season puts the whole record — tournaments, games, every play — on the Past seasons shelf and starts fresh; View opens an archived season in the same dashboard, and Restore brings one back while the current season is still empty. The Plays column counts plays made (catches, breakups, picks, scores): when a tournament caps your travel roster, sort by it and the cut list writes itself.

Players see their own stats in the portal.

10. The player portal

Kids get their own login that shows only their stuff — never your board, your notes, your evaluations, or anyone's contact info.

1. Set the player's status to Committed (the Roster section only appears for committed kids).
2. In Roster, hit 🎟 Player portal code — you get a 6-digit code.
3. Text it to him. He goes to blitzscouting.com/portal and enters it once.

He sees his profile basics, his game-by-game and season stats, his Hudl link, and the team leaderboard.

Two more things live there. My Highlight Reel — every clip saved for him in the Film Room, playable back to back, with a ★ on the ones you picked. And a 🎬 Film Room box that appears on its own whenever you have a session open: he taps Join and he's in, no code to type.

That's why the portal is the way in for players. Joining from there means Blitz knows who he is, which is what lets him save clips to his own reel.

Generating a new code replaces the old one — that's how you revoke access.

11. The Film Room

Open 🎬 Film Room. One person controls the film; everyone watching follows that screen exactly. Players get no controls, so nobody skips ahead to the play you're about to make a point about.

Who has the controls

Only one person drives at a time. The first coach into the session gets the controls, and keeps them — a coach joining halfway through never yanks the film out from under whoever is mid-sentence.

• Any other coach sees 🎛 Take the controls. One click and the seat moves to him; everyone gets told who has it.
• A coach who isn't driving follows along like everyone else — same frame, same speed. He can still mark moments and clip plays for kids; only playback is restricted.
• If the coach driving loses signal or closes his phone, the controls pass automatically to another coach in the room. Nobody has to rejoin.
• Players can never take the controls, no matter what they try.
• If your phone goes to sleep mid-session, it catches up the moment you pick it back up — you don't have to reload the page to get the controls back.

Scrubbing works for the room, not just for you. Drag the progress bar slowly to walk through a rep frame by frame and everyone watching moves with you, in step. Same for the speed control — drop it to 0.25× and the whole room is at quarter speed.

The line under the title always tells you where you stand — "You control playback for everyone watching" or "Coach Miller has the controls".

Who's in the room

The In the room panel lists everyone watching — coaches first (whoever has the controls is badged), then players with their position and class, and a ★ count as each kid saves clips during the session. Tap the header to collapse it; on a phone it starts closed so the film keeps the space.

Players see the room too, but only names and who's driving — not other kids' positions, classes, or clip counts.

Building a session

1. Name it ("Week 3 cut-ups").
2. Drag your clips — or the whole folder — onto the upload box. On a computer this is the fast way to load a cut-up: drop 30 plays at once and they upload one after another. Subfolders are read too, and anything that isn't video is ignored.
3. They go in filename order, counted properly — Play 9 comes before Play 10, not after Play 1. The staged list is numbered, so check the order before you start; the ✕ on any clip drops it.
4. 📱 Upload clips from this device — on your phone this opens your camera roll, so plays people text you go straight in. Select as many as you want.
5. Or paste a YouTube link (unlisted works) or a direct video link, then Add link.
6. Start session. You get a 4-digit join code.

Camcorder film (.MTS / AVCHD): browsers can’t play that format, so Blitz skips it and says so. Convert the folder to MP4 first — the “Convert Film to MP4” shortcut on the team computer does the whole folder at once (video is copied losslessly; interlaced footage is cleaned up automatically) — then drop the MP4 folder in. Names carry over, so the order holds.

Mid-session you can drag more clips straight onto the clip list to add them to the end. If a batch won't fit in your film storage, Blitz says so before uploading any of it rather than stopping halfway through. Clips you upload but never turn into a session are cleared off the disk a few hours later, so an abandoned batch doesn't quietly eat your space.

Running it

Players open their portal and tap Join — an open session shows up there on its own, so there's no code for them to type and they arrive already identified. (The 4-digit code still works at blitzscouting.com/film for anyone without a portal login.) The header shows how many are watching.

• ⏮ ⏭ move through clips — every screen switches with you.
• Play/pause, « 10s / 10s », and speed (0.25×–2×) all sync.
• Auto-next — check it and when a clip ends, the next one starts on its own, for the whole room. Blitz remembers the setting on your device. It stops after the last clip.
• Click any clip in the list to jump to it.
• ＋ Add drops in more clips mid-session.

Notes

Type what you see, optionally tag a player from your board, and hit Mark. It saves at that exact moment on that clip. Click a note later to jump the whole room back to it. Players see notes appear live.

Saving clips to a kid's highlight reel

This is the part that compounds. Any play in a session can be saved to a player's reel, and the reel lives on his profile all season.

• You: tag the player in the dropdown, then hit ⭐ Clip this play for the tagged player.
• The kid: taps ⭐ Save that play right on the film. This works as long as he came in through his portal, which is how Blitz knows whose reel it is.

Either way Blitz grabs the eight seconds before the tap and three after, so nobody has to scrub or drag anything on a phone. Trim it later on his profile. A kid can only ever save to his own reel.

Clips are pointers into film you already uploaded, not new copies — a reel costs no real storage. The trade-off: film a kid has saved won't be deleted when you delete the session it came from. Blitz tells you how many clips it kept. Empty the reels and the space comes back.

12. Alerts & the Friday brief

Recent updates

When a tracked kid picks up an offer, changes star rating, or plays a game, it appears at the top of your board. Click an update to open that player. Clear dismisses them.

🔔 Push notifications

Tap the 🔕 in the header on any device and allow notifications — it turns into 🔔 and that device gets alerts on the lock screen. Several updates arrive as one notification, not a buzz-storm. Tap again to turn off.

📋 The Friday brief

What moved this week, your call list (most overdue first, with tap-to-call numbers), the newest sleepers, and where the board stands.

It comes to you in the app. Open Blitz any time from Friday through the weekend and the brief pops up on its own — read it, hit Got it, and it won't bother you again until next Friday. Each coach sees it once on each of their devices. If it was a quiet week with nothing worth reporting, it stays out of your way entirely.

You can also open it any time from the ✉ panel with 👁 Preview. Give it a few seconds — it pulls fresh sleeper data every time rather than showing you something stale.

Email delivery is optional on top of this. Add addresses in the ✉ panel and flip on "Send automatically every Friday" and the same brief goes to the staff's inboxes at 7am Central. Until an email key is set up, the in-app pop-up is where the brief lives.

13. Staff & settings

🔑 Staff access (head coach only)

Generate a personal 6-digit passcode for each coach. Their contacts get stamped with their name automatically. ✕ Revoke cuts one coach off without changing anyone else's code — which is why personal codes beat one shared password. New codes take about a minute to activate.

Handing the board to someone else

In 🔑 Staff access, every coach now has a Make owner button. One click and he becomes the board owner — he can manage staff codes, restore backups, change the program contact and set who gets the Friday brief. Whoever held it before loses it; only one person owns the board at a time.

The advantage over sharing your password: his name goes on everything he does, and you can take it back with one click. Your own owner passcode never stops working, so handing ownership over can't lock you out of your own board.

What only the head coach can do

There are two levels. The head coach code is the one set on the server; staff codes are the ones you hand out. A staff coach can do essentially everything day to day — add, edit and delete players, write notes and evals, log contacts, send profiles to college coaches, run film sessions, keep season stats, approve tryout signups.

Five things are head-coach only, and the server enforces it — not just the buttons:

• Creating, listing and revoking staff codes.
• Restoring a backup. This rolls the whole board back and discards everything the staff has done since that snapshot. There's no undo, and an accident does as much damage as anything else.
• Changing who gets the Friday brief. That email carries player names and phone numbers, so adding an address is effectively handing someone the board.
• Changing the program contact — the name, phone and email a college coach sees on every profile you send. That's how the program is represented, not a personal preference.
• Refreshing College Fits data.

Everything else is shared on purpose. The point of a staff code isn't to restrict a coach, it's so you can see who did what and cut off one person without changing everyone's password.

Working the board at the same time

You don't have to refresh. When another coach adds a kid, logs a contact, leaves a note, or saves a clip, it appears on your screen within a second or two, and a line tells you who did it. The same is true on a phone — if it's been in your pocket, Blitz catches up the moment you open it again.

It will never overwrite what you're typing. If you have a profile open and have started editing, the board behind it still updates but that profile is left exactly as you left it, with a note at the top saying someone else made a change. Save your work first, then hit Reload this profile to pick theirs up.

Notes and highlight clips are append-only, so two coaches writing on the same kid at the same time can't wipe each other out either way.

🎨 Team colors

Presets or your exact team colors. Saving applies for the whole staff, and the Friday email matches too.

⟳ Sync All

Refreshes every player from MaxPreps and Rivals right now. Blitz also does this automatically every night at 3am Central, so you'll normally wake up current.

14. Your data & backups

• Nightly snapshots of the whole board, kept 30 days.
• ⬇ Export gives you a CSV (opens in Excel/Sheets — good for sharing with staff) or a full JSON backup.
• Take a JSON export before anything big — a tryout, a season rollover, a mass cleanup.

15. Limits & troubleshooting

Honest limits

• Hudl film can't be synced in the Film Room (see section 10).
• Film storage is limited — roughly 25–40 phone clips at a time. The Film Room shows free space. Delete an old session to reclaim it, but note that film a kid has saved to his reel is kept — Blitz tells you how many clips it held onto. Clearing those reels releases the space.
• Highlight clips aren't downloadable files yet. A reel plays inside Blitz; there's no single MP4 to hand someone. Send them the kid's profile instead.
• Rivals only covers rated players. Most tryout kids aren't in it — that's normal, and MaxPreps still finds them.
• Stats come from high school coaches. If a school doesn't report to MaxPreps, there's nothing to pull. Blitz can't be more current than its sources.
• Use blitzscouting.com — www.blitzscouting.com does not work.

Common problems

16. Hand-outs for players

Print this page and cut these out, or screenshot and text them.